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Writing on GPUs, LLMs, MLOps, Kubernetes — and mindset · 3517 posts
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Compiler and Linker Internals — From #include to an Executable: ELF, Symbols, Static/Dynamic Linking, Relocation, LTO (2025)
Tracing the journey of "hello.c" becoming an executable, atom by atom. The four phases of preprocess / compile / assemble / link, ELF file layout, symbol tables and relocation, the archive structure of static libraries,
2026-04-15 · 20 min read #compiler#linker#elf#symbol#static-linkingCPython Bytecode Interpreter Deep Dive — ceval.c, Specializing Adaptive, PEP 659, Copy-and-Patch JIT (2025)
Python is slow, but most developers do not actually know why, or how it is getting faster. This post dissects CPython's heart, the ceval.c interpreter, from scratch: source to AST to bytecode, Code/Frame/Cell objects, th
2026-04-15 · 16 min read #python#cpython#bytecode#interpreter#jitClickHouse MergeTree — The Complete Guide to Columnar, Sparse Index, Part, and Materialized View (2025)
Everything about ClickHouse MergeTree — the physical layout of columnar storage, parts and granules and the sparse primary index, why ORDER BY matters so much, projections and skip indexes, real-time aggregation with mat
2026-04-15 · 23 min read #clickhouse#olap#columnar#mergetree#analyticsPerformance & Core Web Vitals 2025 — LCP, CLS, INP, RUM, Image/Font/JS Optimization, Edge, CDN, HTTP/3 (S6 E6)
Performance is not a feature — it is the precondition for every feature. The full 2025 Core Web Vitals map: LCP, CLS, INP (FID successor), RUM vs synthetic, critical rendering path, JS bundle diet, image/font optimizatio
2026-04-15 · 7 min read #performance#core-web-vitals#lcp#cls#inpConsistent Hashing Complete Guide 2025: Virtual Nodes, Jump Hash, Rendezvous, and the Core Building Block of Distributed Systems
How DynamoDB, Cassandra, and Memcached minimize data movement when nodes are added or removed. A 700-line deep dive on Consistent Hashing, from first principles to virtual nodes (vnodes), Jump Hash, Rendezvous Hashing, a
2026-04-15 · 16 min read #consistent-hashing#distributed-systems#sharding#virtual-nodes#jump-hashCDC (Change Data Capture) Complete Guide 2025: Debezium, Kafka, Data Sync, Outbox Pattern
Everything about CDC — how it works (WAL/binlog based), Debezium architecture, PostgreSQL Logical Replication, MySQL binlog, Outbox Pattern, data warehouse sync, Kafka integration, migration, common pitfalls.
2026-04-15 · 11 min read #cdc#debezium#kafka#postgresql#mysqlComplete Guide to CDN & Edge Caching Strategies 2025: Cache Invalidation, ETag, Stale-While-Revalidate
Everything about CDNs and caching. HTTP cache headers (Cache-Control/ETag/Vary), how CDNs work, edge caching, the hard problem of cache invalidation (one of the two hard problems), Stale-While-Revalidate, and a compariso
2026-04-15 · 14 min read #cdn#cache#edge-computing#http-cache#cache-invalidationCompilers and Modern Language Runtimes — LLVM, JIT, GC, V8 TurboFan/Maglev, Inline Caching, Escape Analysis, Rust Monomorphization Complete Guide (2025)
Everything that happens from a line of code to CPU execution. LLVM's dominance, V8's 4-tier JIT, Hidden Classes and Inline Caching, Escape Analysis, GC lineage from Mark & Sweep to ZGC, Go's work-stealing scheduler, Rust
2026-04-15 · 11 min read #compiler#runtime#llvm#jit#garbage-collectionBig Tech Engineering Culture Deep Dive: How Google, Meta, Amazon, Netflix, and Apple Differ (2025)
Google's Design Doc, Meta's Move Fast, Amazon's 6-page Memo, Netflix's Keeper Test, Apple's secrecy. A comparison of the actual engineering cultures at the five Big Tech companies and Korean Big Tech (Naver, Kakao, Coupa
2026-04-15 · 16 min read #culture#engineering-management#google#meta#amazonModern Code Review and Merge Pipelines — PR, Merge Queue, Stacked PRs, Monorepo, AI Review, Trunk-Based, Husky, Semgrep Deep Dive (2025)
The daily activity we talk about least. PR sociology, Code Owners, Merge Queue (GitHub/Mergify/Aviator/Graphite), Stacked PRs (Graphite, Sapling, Jujutsu), Monorepo vs Polyrepo 2025, Nx/Turborepo/Moon/Bazel, AI review (C
2026-04-15 · 12 min read #code-review#pull-request#merge-queue#monorepo#stacked-prsChaos Engineering Deep Dive — Netflix Simian Army, LitmusChaos/Chaos Mesh, AWS FIS, Game Day
Why Netflix started randomly killing production servers in 2010. From Chaos Monkey philosophy and the 4 principles, to the full Simian Army, LitmusChaos/Chaos Mesh/AWS FIS comparison, Game Day design, and blameless postm
2026-04-15 · 10 min read #chaos-engineering#sre#reliability#netflix#kubernetesComplete Guide to Async I/O Models 2025: epoll, io_uring, Reactor/Proactor, and async/await Internals
Everything about async I/O. Blocking vs non-blocking vs async, the select/poll/epoll/kqueue evolution, the iouring revolution, Reactor/Proactor patterns, Tokio/libuv internals, and what async/await actually does.
2026-04-15 · 12 min read #async-io#epoll#io-uring#reactor#proactorCDN and Edge Computing Deep Dive — Anycast, Cache Invalidation, DDoS Defense, Lambda@Edge vs Workers vs Compute
From Akamai in 1998 to 2025 edge computing. The magic of Anycast, cache tier design, the philosophy of cache invalidation, the three-layer DDoS defense, and an architecture comparison of Lambda@Edge vs Cloudflare Workers
2026-04-15 · 14 min read #cdn#edge-computing#cloudflare#akamai#fastlyAPI Design Complete Guide — REST, OpenAPI, Versioning, Pagination, Idempotency, Webhooks (2025)
REST Maturity, OpenAPI 3.1, Versioning, Pagination (Offset/Cursor/Keyset), Idempotency Key, Rate Limiting, Webhook retries, AsyncAPI — the 2025 state of API design.
2026-04-15 · 10 min read #api#rest#openapi#webhook#versioningBinary Serialization Complete Guide 2025: Protobuf, Thrift, Avro, MessagePack, FlatBuffers, Cap'n Proto — Choosing Between Performance and Flexibility
Binary formats that are 10x faster and 5x smaller than JSON. From Protocol Buffers varint through FlatBuffers zero-copy to Avro schema evolution — a complete 720-line analysis of the internal structure and real-world sel
2026-04-15 · 29 min read #serialization#protobuf#thrift#avro#messagepackAI Product Design Complete Guide: Generative UI, Trust, Feedback, Streaming, Agent UX, Korean Culture Specialization (2025)
A good AI product is not "a good model + good UX" — it is "UX design that builds trust within constraints." The boundary between deterministic and generative UI, designing for trust, uncertainty, and editability, streami
2026-04-15 · 10 min read #ai-product-design#ux#generative-ui#trust#streamingAWS Well-Architected Framework Complete Guide 2025: Six Pillars, Practical Adoption, Cost/Security/Performance
Everything about the AWS Well-Architected Framework: six pillars (Operational Excellence, Security, Reliability, Performance Efficiency, Cost Optimization, Sustainability), practical checklists, Well-Architected Tool usa
2026-04-15 · 14 min read #aws#well-architected#cloud-architecture#security#reliabilityAPI Versioning & Evolution Strategy Complete Guide 2025: Breaking-Change-Free API Evolution, Deprecation, Sunset
Everything about API versioning! URL/Header/Content negotiation strategies, breaking vs additive changes, Semantic Versioning, deprecation policy, Sunset header, GraphQL versionless approach, case studies of Stripe/GitHu
2026-04-15 · 12 min read #api#versioning#evolution#breaking-changes#deprecationANN Algorithms Complete Guide 2025: HNSW, IVF, Product Quantization, LSH — How Vector DBs Really Work
How Pinecone, Weaviate, Qdrant, and pgvector find similar items in milliseconds across hundreds of millions of vectors. A deep dive into the math and implementation of HNSW, IVF, Product Quantization, and LSH.
2026-04-15 · 14 min read #ann#hnsw#ivf#product-quantization#lshAI-Era Developer Survival Strategy 2025 — Complete Guide: Copilot vs Cursor vs Claude Code vs Devin vs Codex, Prompt to Context Engineering, Senior/Junior Role Shifts, Team AI Adoption Roadmap, Portfolio, Korean Developers' Global Competitiveness — Season 5 Finale
The grand finale of Season 5. A survival strategy for developers living through the AI era of 2025. A deep comparison of GitHub Copilot, Cursor, Claude Code, Devin, and Codex; the shift from Prompt to Context Engineering
2026-04-15 · 15 min read #ai-developer#copilot#cursor#claude-code#devin